What does myopia refer to?

Myopia, commonly known as nearsightedness, is a refractive error in which close objects appear clear, while distant objects are blurred. This condition occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved, which prevents light from focusing directly on the retina. As a result, people with myopia can see well up close but struggle to see objects that are far away. This characteristic makes option B the correct answer.

The other options do not accurately define myopia. Lack of color perception refers to color blindness, which is unrelated to the distance at which one can see. Blurred vision due to aging is typically associated with presbyopia, a different condition that affects the ability to focus on nearby objects as people age. Total blindness refers to a complete lack of vision, which is not a condition associated with myopia. Thus, understanding myopia as nearsightedness is crucial for recognizing how it impacts vision and the need for corrective measures such as glasses or contact lenses.