What condition is characterized by a gradual loss of central vision?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the condition characterized by a gradual loss of central vision. This condition primarily affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision needed for tasks such as reading and recognizing faces. In AMD, the cells in the macula may deteriorate over time, leading to blurred or diminished central vision while peripheral vision often remains intact.

Cataracts involve clouding of the lens of the eye, which can affect overall vision but typically does not specifically lead to central vision loss. Glaucoma is primarily associated with damage to the optic nerve, usually due to increased intraocular pressure, and may lead to peripheral vision loss rather than central vision loss. Retinal detachment involves the separation of the retina from its underlying tissue, which can result in sudden vision changes, including the loss of peripheral vision and the appearance of floaters or flashes of light, but does not usually result in a gradual loss of central vision as seen in AMD.