How does cataract formation affect a person's vision?

Cataract formation primarily leads to the clouding of the lens in the eye. This cloudiness can significantly impair a person's ability to see clearly, as the clouded lens scatters and blocks light from entering the eye properly. As a result, individuals may experience various vision problems, such as blurred vision, difficulty with glare, and a reduction in contrast sensitivity, which can make everyday activities challenging.

The other options presented do not accurately reflect the effects of cataract formation. Enhancing color perception or improving night vision are not associated with cataracts; in fact, cataracts often lead to decreased color vision and increased difficulty seeing at night. While cataracts can cause fluctuations in vision, they are more characterized by a gradual decline in clarity rather than sharp changes. Thus, the correct choice highlights the fundamental impact of cataracts on the lens and, consequently, on overall vision quality.